Process of making gas.



J. O. UARREY.

PROCESS OF MAKING GAEv APPLICATION nun JULY 211.1913.

L1 1&392 v Patented Oct. 2'. 1914.

I] SHEIIIS'SHTULZ W wssas;

spective views of rotary ge m A FEW iii; i. 1110 JQHN O. CARR/ET, 033 ST. LUUIS, MISSOURI.

7915;063:333 13F MAEHNG GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented @ct. 2'1, 1191M.

Application filed no? as, 191a. Serial no. 781,398.

To all Whom it may concern Be it known that 5, JOHN G. Censor, a citizen of the United States, St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new and iseful improvement in Processes of filial-ring oi? which the following is full. clear, and will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to nialre and use the same, rer erence being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification,- in WliiCll--- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional vlew talren through the'center of an apparatus part1cularly adapted for carrying out my improved recess. F 2 is a horizonial section taken through the lower portion of an apparatus particularly designed for carrying out my improved process. igs. 3 and 42 are per grate bars, such as are utilized in the apparatus, 5 is detail elevational View of the means eniplored for imparting partial rotary more-- merit to the grate bars.

lliy invention relates to a new and useiiul process of making gas, the principal ob ect or" my invention being produce by a corn paratively simple easily practised a inuous method, cleanor comparatively pure "producer gas from bituminous coal in a sin chamber.

' Heretoiore, 1n the manufaccure of producer as it has generally been the practice to use 'LWO chambers, one for distilling the coal or separating the volatile elements therefrom, and the other chamber, which is booted to a comparatively high degree, be-

uscd for the lining or the forming into nerrnanent gas of the volatile elements liberatcd iroin the charge in the first chamber. further object. of my invention is to burn coal to produce gas, the combustion of which produces heat to distil from a superimposed body of coal, volatile elements which, together with air, are forced through an incandescent portion of the bed of burning coal to eliminate from said volatile elemerits, and air all moisture or heavy hydrocarbon, thereby producing a fixed or perinancnt gas adapted for a variety of uses, and particularly in engines and the like. I

"Elke apparatus shown 'tlxe accornpan;

p; icularly designed for practising my inproved method, but it will be readily underexact description, such as in drawings, and hereinafter described, is

istood that this apparatus may be varied f slightly in details of construction and in size without departing from the spirits of my in- 1 vention. I

In the construction of the apparatus 1 shown, designates an outer shell or wall preferably formed of metal and provided i with a lining ll of lire brick or analogous material. This lining is extended inward at ithe upper end and formed in the center I thereof is an opening 12, which, while the apparatus is in use, is closed and Which is adapted to receive a suitable hopper utilized for charging the apparatus.

The construction just described provides a hollow cylindrical. body, the same beingsupported a suitable distance above the ground upon a metal frame work 13. Located on the ground below the cylindrical body just described, is an ash pit 14 formed of brick or concrete and arranged in the bottom of the chamber in said ash pit and extending outwardly therefrom is a spiral conrcyer 15 which is for the purpose of removing ashes and *aste material which drops into the chamber within the ash pit.

li'ioun'ted to rotate freely upon lull-bearings 16 positioned on top of the ash pit is a ring 17 with which is, formed integral a series of inwardly projecting radially disposed arms 18, the inner ends of which are formed integral with a centrally arranged hub 19. Formed integral with the alternate ones of these armslS are upwardly project ing lugs or brackets 20 which serve as bearings for rotary grate bars hereinafter described, and formed between the arms l8 are openings 21 through which gas and air is forced upward through the rotary grate andthe incandescent material thereon.

Arranged on the upper outer edge of the ash pit is a trough 2 which contains Water and projecting downwardly thereinto is acontinuous wall or plate 23 which is carried by the ring 17, and thus a water seal is formed between the top of the ash pit and the lower portion of the rotary producer section. Positioned .outop of the ring-17 is a ring 24 preferably constructed of'fire clay or analogous material, and seated in the outer portion o'i this ring @is a metallic ring which is channel shape in cross section. Carried by the ring 17 and inclosing the 5 ring is a vertically disposed wall 26 prefabl x formed of metal and which is in is in direct vertical alinement with the lining 11.

The wall 26 and its lining terminates immediate beneath the cylindrical body formed by the wall or shell 10, and lining 11. Carried by the upper edge of the wall 26 is a trough 27 which contains water and carried by the lower edge of the wall or Shell 10- is a depending flange or wall 28 which projects into the trough 27 thereby forming a water seal between the lower-movable part of the producer and the upper fixed part thereof.

Rotatable grate bars 29', which are preferably noncircular in cross section, are arranged immediately above the openings 21 between the arms 18, said grate bars being carried by spindles 30, the inner ends of i which are journaled for rotation in suitable suitable manner.

bearings formed in the upper end of the hub 19. The outer ends of these spindles 30 project through the rings 24 and 25 and fixed on the outer ends of said spindles Within the channel shaped ring 25 are disks 31 each being provided on its outer face with a series of outwardly projecting pins 32.

The inner portions of the grate bars 29 are enlarged as designated by 29 and these enlarged portions practically fill the space between the lugs or bearings 20 and the hub. 19. A series of rotary grate bars'33 which are comparatively shorter than the grate bars 29 are alternately, arranged between the grate bars 29 and said grate bars 33 are carried on spindles 34-, the inner ends of which are journaled in the lugs or bearings 20. The outer portions of these spindles pass through the rings 24 and 25 and their outer ends are provided with disks which are in every way similar to the disks 3].

Arranged upon a suitable arm or support 35 which is fixed to the frame work 13 is a depending triangular lug 36 which is positioned directly in the path of travel of the upper ones of the pins 32 which project from the disks 31, thus as the lower portion of the producer rotates the upper one of the pins 32 strikes against the lug 36 and as a result, the disks, spindles, and grate bars carried thereby are rotated approxi-. mately one-third of a complete revolution.

Positioned on the outer face of the wall 26 is a continuous rack 37 and meshing therewith is a worm 38 the latter being formed on a shaft 39 which is driven in any This worm meshing with the teeth of the rack 37- operatcs the lower ortion of the producer and the rotary Irate )ars carried thereon. Positioned in the hub 19 and projecting aunwardly through the chamber within the lower portion of the producer is a post 39, the top of which ter- .minates in the same horizontal plane with arranged transversely extending pipe 40 which is filled with water during the operation of the apparatus, and positioned upon said pipe is the lower end of an inclined wall atl of fire brick or analogous material, the upper end of which terminates against the inner face of the lining 11, thereby dividing the space within the upper fixed portion of the apparatus into two chambers, one of which A is above and in front of the inclined wall 41 and the other B being behindor beneath said inclined wall. Suitable struts 4-2 of fire brick are arranged between the lining 11 and the inclined wall 41.

The post 39 in addition to serving as a covering for the bearings in which the spindles and 34 operate, serves as a central support for that portion of the bed of fuel which is carried around with the rotating lower portion of the furnace, and said post'is extended upward a suflicient distance to form a support for the pipe 40 in case the charge'of material within the ch amber A is sufiicient to depress the central portion of said pipe, although, under normal conditions, the pipe does not touch the post. In case the pipe does bear upon the post duringthe rotation of the latter, the resulting friction is insufficient toretarcl the rotary movement of said post.

A pipe '43 leads from the upper portion of the chamber B for the purpose of conveying the pure or fixed gases from the producer to the gasometer or to the point'of use. Located adjacent to the producer is .an exhaust fan 44 and leading thereto from the upper portion of the chamber A is a pipe 45. Leading from this-exhaust fan partially around the lower portion of the producer on the side below the chamber B is a pipe 46 from which leads inwardly through the wall of the ash pit a series of branch pipes 47, the same being provided with elongated nozzles el8 which lie imme diately beneath the arms 18, which project inwardly from the ring 17, and said nozzles are provided with long narrow jet openings 49. Corresponding nozzles 50 provided with elongated jet openings 51 are alternately arranged between the nozzles 48, said nozzles 50 being connected to branch pipes 52,. which lead through the wall of the ash pit 14 and connect to an air pipe 53 which latter leads partially around the lower pars tion of the producer beneath the pipe 46, and said air pipe being connected to a pressure blower 54.

It will be understood that the noizzles 48 and 50 are positioned only beneath that port meoe from the upper portion of nd the air, will be discharged irough that portion of the bed of is directly beneath chamber B, rintaining this portion of the bed i n high state of incandescence.

p ac sing my improved process with .ctus herein shown and described, coal is fed into the chamber A we opening 12 in the top of the prol combustion of said coal" takes he rotating grate Within the movon otvthe producer, which movable s rotated the engagement, of the i with the continuous rack 37. Si-

eously withthe rotary movement of r portion of the producer the grate and 38 are successively rotated by e; ge ert ol the uppermbst one of the l the lug 36 and this rotation-t e bars overcomes any tendency of mg fuel to form clinker and as said is completely burned the'action' of the grate bars causes the resulting ashes downward through the openin s 21 arms '18 and pass into the 0 amnn the ash pit from whence said 2 e removed. by means of the spiral ting the lower section in which the "at it will be readily understood 5 the hottest portion ofitihe fire will be that portion of the grate beneath the for the reason that by the time has been carried around to this said. fulel has been practically con,

,eu nigh this particular portion of the bed of\ for maintaining the'same in an incan- I descent state. As the exhaust fanv lel is operated th cons products from the burning fuel on t is which'is below the chamber A will be drawn upward through.- said chamber, thence through pipe to the exhaust fan, from thence the volatile carbonaceous material, which is gas, carrying a certain amount of condensible matter in the form of tar and moisture, will be forced through 111 pipe -16, from thence through branch pipes throughthe nozzles 48,fr0m which it ll. be discharged throughthe elongated jet iings 49, and thus-be forced upward r ugh the grate and through the bed of incandescent iuel located on that portion of the grate beneath the chamber B. Simultaneously with this action air is forced through pipe by the pressure blower 54 which air passes through branch pipes 52, nozzles and dischar as therefrom through jet openings 51 upwar through the grate. volatilizcd carbonaceous material in one form together with a certain amount ir, forced upward through the ircanrescent bed of material on that por io of and the discharge of air upwardly the grate beneath the chamber B, and in thus passing through said incandescent bed, the heavy hydrocarbons are volatilized and as a result a fixed or permanent gas entirely freed of all'condensible matter will issue from the producer throu h pipe 43.

Where gas is produce in ordinary bituminous coal producers there is a certain amount of tarandfree hydrocarbons, and heretofore, it has been the practice to use two separate chambers or. producers in the manufacture of a gas Wholly freed of heavy hydrocarbons and the like, but by my improved process, it is possible to produce a permanent or fixed gas in one vessel or chamber. w

One of the principal features of my improved process is that it can be operated continuously for as long as the producer is charged and theexhaustfan and pressure blower operated the pure fixed as will be a5 delivered ready for use throng .the discharge pipe 43.

An-apparatus for practisin my improved process is comparatively simp e, can be easily and cheaply installed, and while in operation continuously produces a clean permanent gas entirely freed of all condensible matter and particularly adapted for a variety of uses.

- I claim:

l. The hereindescribed process of making ghs which consists in blasting a portion of the lower portion of the body of carbonaceous material by forcing air upwardly through the same wherebyi'that portion of the carbonaceous material is maintained at a state of incandescence, continuously movling the body of the lower portion of the caronaceous material whereby the burning portion is shifted away from thepoint of combustion and other portions brought thereto, simultaneously distilling the volatile elements from the upper portion of the carbonaceous material by radiated heat, withdrawing from the upper portion of/the distillution zone the volatile elements; conveying said volatile elements to a poinhbeneath the incandescent bed of material, and forcing said volatile elements upwardly through the .entire body of incandescent material to convert said volatile elements-into a fixed or permanent gas. I I

2. The hereindescribed process of making gas which consists in blasting a portion of the lower portion of the body of carbons ceous material by forcing air upwardly thr'ough the same whereby that portionof the carbonaceous material is maintained at a state of incandescence, continuously moving the body of the lower portion ofthe'carbonaceous material whereby the burning portion is shifted away from the point of combustion and other portions brought thereto, simultaneously distilling the volatile elements fromthe upper portion of the carbonaceous mano rat terial by radiated heat, Withdrawing the volatile elements from a point above the Zone of distillation, conveying said volatile elements to a point Wholly beneaththe incandescent bed of carbonaceous material and. discharging said volatile elements at separated points upwardly through the incandescent bed of material to convert said volatile elements into a fixed or permanent gas.

3. The hereindescribed process of making gas which consists in blasting a portion of the lower portion of the body of carbonaceous material by forcing air upwardly through the same whereby that portion of the carbonaceous material is maintained at a state of incandescence, continuously moving the body of the lower portion of the carbonaceous material whereby the burning portion is shifted away from the-point of combustion and other portions brought thereto, simultaneously distilling the volatile'elemcnts from the upper portion of the carbonaceous material by radiated heat, Withdrawing the volatile elements from a point above the zone of distillation, convey-- ing the volatile elements to a point Wholly beneath the body of incandescent carbonaceous material, and discharging said volatile elements upwardly into the incandescent body of material 'at points between the points of discharge, of air into said incandescent body, whereby said volatile elements are converted into a fixed or ermanent gas. I

In testimony whereof hereunto afix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses, this 19th day of July 1913.

Joinv o. CARREY. Witnesses: I

M. P. SMITH, M. A. HANDEL. 

